Prevalence rates of borderline personality disorder symptoms: a study based on the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study-2

Table 3 Current mental disability and service use for mental health problems of categories with number of borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms in the general population (N = 5303), in weighted adjusted averages (Mean) or adjusted average predicted probabilities (%)

	Total	0 BPD symptoms		1–2 BPD symptoms		3–4 BPD symptoms		≥5 BPD symptoms		P for trend
		Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2
	Mean	Mean [95 % CI]	Mean [95 % CI]	Mean [95 % CI]	Mean [95 % CI]	Mean [95 % CI]	Mean [95 % CI]	Mean [95 % CI]	Mean [95 % CI]
Mental disability
Social functioning^a	89.7	92.07 [91.32,92.82]	91.48 [90.73,92.23]	87.28 [85.85,88.71]	88.06 [86.66,89.46]	68.85 [63.58,74.12]	72.52 [67.75,77.28]	63.72 [54.98,72.47]	70.60 [62.33,78.86]	.000a,b,c,d,e	.000a,b,c,d,e
Role emotional functioning^a	92.2	95.35 [94.42,96.28]	94.51 [93.53,95.49]	89.62 [87.73,91.51]	90.72 [88.91,92.53]	63.80 [55.32,72.27]	69.06 [60.98,77.13]	51.40 [36.80,66.01]	61.32 [46.42,76.21]	.000a,b,c,d,e	.000a,b,c,d,e
Mental health^a	80.1	82.92 [82.39,83.44]	82.51 [81.96,83.05]	75.91 [74.79,77.03]	76.46 [75.38,77.53]	63.80 [60.69,66.90]	66.31 [63.24,69.38]	54.20 [48.93,59.47]	58.99 [53.21,64.76]	.000a,b,c,d,e,f	.000a,b,c,d,e
	%	% [95 % CI]	% [95 % CI]	% [95 % CI]	% [95 % CI]	% [95 % CI]	% [95 % CI]	% [95 % CI]	% [95 % CI]
3-year service use for mental health problems
General medical care	16.0	10.55 [9.10,11.99]	13.19 [11.61,14.77]	23.52 [20.16,26.87]	19.75 [17.22,22.28]	47.76 [39.11,56.41]	30.04 [21.57,38.51]	64.91 [49.00,80.83]	33.09 [16.88,49.30]	.000a,b,c,d,e	.000a,b,c
Mental health care	11.1	6.68 [5.58,7.79]	8.57 [7.26,9.88]	16.68 [12.99,20.38]	13.87 [10.97,16.78]	37.55 [29.14,45.96]	22.39 [15.64,29.14]	49.35 [34.59,64.12]	21.35 [10.20,32.51]	.000a,b,c,d,e	.000a,b,c

a: category 0 symptoms versus category 1–2 symptoms was significantly different (P < .01; in bold at P < .001)
b: category 0 symptoms versus category 3–4 symptoms was significantly different (P < .01; in bold at P < .001)
c: category 0 symptoms versus category ≥ 5 symptoms was significantly different (P < .01; in bold at P < .001)
d: category 1–2 symptoms versus category 3–4 symptoms was significantly different (P < .01; in bold at P < .001)
e: category 1–2 symptoms versus category ≥ 5 symptoms was significantly different (P < .01; in bold at P < .001)
f: category 3–4 symptoms versus category ≥ 5 symptoms was significantly different (P < .01; in bold at P < .001)
Model 1: adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics (gender, age, education level, living situation, paid job status)
Model 2: adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics (model 1) as well as for mental disorders (any mood, any anxiety, any substance use disorder)
^a This scale varies from 0 (low functioning/ill health) to 100 (high functioning/good health)

ISSN: 1471-244X